Tag Archive for: middle east

Ericsson, leading mobile phone company, and MTN, Africa’s largest telecom operator, announced a strategic new partnership to boost the m-wallet services in Africa and the Middle East.

Christian de Faria, MTN Group Chief Commercial Officer

Christian de Faria, MTN Group Chief Commercial Officer, delighted to partner with Ericsson on expanding m-wallet. (image: file)

Christian de Faria, MTN Group Chief Commercial Officer, delighted to partner with Ericsson on expanding m-wallet. (image: file)

Announced at the Mobile World Conference in Barcelona, Spain on Monday, MTN will become the first operator to officially deploy the Ericsson’s Converged Wallet platform. Both companies said the service is “a new complementary service to the integrated pre-paid charging system and mobile financial services solution for MTN consumers in those regions”.

The new m-wallet reportedly delivers a fast track route for MTN to introduce relevant, new and differentiated m-wallet market offerings to its Mobile Money customers.

As part of the co-operation, Ericsson said it would offer a prime integrator engagement model encompassing “software, systems integration and managed operation services”.

Christian de Faria, MTN Group Chief Commercial Officer, said, “Optimizing the Mobile Money consumer experience directly impacts consumer stickiness, and with Ericsson Converged Wallet we can now address our strategic priorities by enabling rapid response to our consumer’s preferences and expectations”.

MTN said it currently has more than 5 million mobile money subscribers in 12 African countries.

“2012 will be the year of partnerships across the emerging m-commerce eco-system. MTN has long been an early adopter in mobile money, and this new partnership builds on our ongoing relationship of collaboration,” said Hans Vestberg, Ericsson President and CEO.

“Driving accelerated time to market for operators and linking wallet accounts to purchases across multiple payment systems is a clear next step in next generation mobile financial services.”

Joseph Mayton

"Mohamed suffered a lot. He worked hard. But when he set fire to himself, it wasn't about his scales being confiscated. It was about his dignity." —Mannoubia Bouazizi, Tunisia Photograph by Peter Hapak for TIME

2011 will be remembered as the year that democratic awakening occurred in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Activists used information and communication technology (ICT) tools to organize and coordinate political demonstrations that brought an end to long-standing regimes and paved the way to landmark elections.

Time Magazine fittingly awarded the “Person of the Year” accolade to the protester. What would come to be known as the “Arab Spring” began in Tunisia’s under-developed town of Sidi Bouzid, where the late Mohamed Bouazizi, a street vendor whose wares were confiscated by the police, set himself on fire outside of a government building in December 2010. Few would have predicted that Bouazizi’s actions would trigger an uprising that brought an end to Zine El Abidine Ben Ali’s 23-year-old regime on January 14th.

Video clips of the first protests, including demonstrations at the spot where Bouazizi set-himself on fire, were recorded on mobile phones, posted on YouTube, and spread across Tunisia and in the Arab world when they were shared on Facebook before news media outlets such as Al Jazeera began running their stories, reports Robert Mackey in the New York Times.

The Tunisian revolutionary spirit spread in neighboring Egypt. Inspired by events in Tunsia, political demonstrations began in January as thousands took to the streets in anti-government protests against poverty, rampant unemployment, corruption, and demanding an end to the 30-year autocratic rule of President Hosni Mubarak, writes Cara Parks in The Huffington Post.

Aware of the potent effect that social media had in Tunisia’s uprising, the Egyptian government blocked Facebook, Twitter, and later Internet services to lead a crackdown on the largest protests the country had witnessed since 1970s, according to Parks. Despite violent clashes with the riot police, protests  kept going not only in Cairo, the capital, but also in Alexandria and Suez, and two other major cities.

Photo Credit: Huffington Post

The revolution’s main goal was achieved with the resignation of President Mubarak on February 11th. Activist Wael Ghonim, a marketing manager for Google who played a significant role in organizing the January 25 protests by reaching out to young Egyptians on Facebook, credited the social networking site for the success of the Egyptian people’s uprising, says Catharine Smith in The Huffington Post.

“[…] This revolution started on Facebook. […] We would post a video on Facebook that would be shared by 60,000 people on their walls within a few hours. I’ve always said that if you want to liberate a society just give them the Internet. […],” Ghonim told CNN’s Wolf Blitzer in an interview that Facebook and the Internet were responsible for the uprising in Egypt.

After Egypt, it was the turn of Syrians to protest against President Bashar al-Assad’s regime. Pro-democratic demonstrations began in January and young Syrians, inspired by the ousting of Ben Ali in Tunisia and Mubarak in Egypt, began organizing protests online and then took them to the streets.

In this citizen journalism image made on a mobile phone, Syrian men carry bread loaves during a protest against Syrian President Bashar Assad's regime, in the coastal town of Banias, Syria, May 3, 2011 Photo Credit: AP

Syrian activists have been working their computers and mobile phones, updating Facebook pages, sending out messages over Twitter, and uploading videos onto YouTube to inform the outside world of what was taking place in their surroundings since foreign reporters were banned, reports Margaret Besheer for VOA news.

Libya was the revolution’s next stop in North Africa . Protests broke out in February in the eastern city of Benghazi and escalated to an armed conflict as forces loyal to Muammar  Gaddafi clashed with anti-government rebels. Gaddafi was captured and killed on October 24 bringing an end to four decades of autocratic rule.

Libya Crisis Map illustrates how ICTs can be applied in a conflict situation. This web-based platform was created by the Standby Task Force, and used the Ushahidi crowdsourced crisis reporting system to map latest news from Libya gleaned from Twitter and traditional news sources.

The LibyaCrisisMap platform was activated by the request of the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) to the Standby Task Force (SBTF). The platform was fully handed over to OCHA supervision in April 2011, and continued to be supported by a team of volunteers until June 4th of 2011.

 

Yemenis also took up the streets in February to protest against President Ali Abdullah Saleh calling for his resignation. Saleh agreed a deal, in which he will transfer power to his deputy by February 2012, ahead of elections. Young Yemeni Activists are however angry that the deal guarantees immunity for Mr Saleh and his allies, reports the BBC.

The Kingdom of Bahrain, with financial, equipment and manpower backing from its Saudi neighbor, is the only government in the MENA region to  have successfully crushed pro-democracy demonstrations, reports Adrian Humphreys in the National Post.

Revolutions in the spring paved the way to landmark elections in the fall.

Tunisian politicians engaged voters via YouTube ahead of the October 23rd elections of representative for the new Constituent Assembly, which will ratify a new constitution and appoint a new transitional government that will schedule elections for a permanent government. Tunisia Live, a startup news portal,  launched Tunisia Talks on YouTube where citizens asked questions to politicians.

Egyptians also queued up in numbers at polling stations in the country’s first democratic elections. Citizens took up the responsibility to monitor the electoral process blogging and Tweeting about irregularities and fraudulent activities. Parliamentary elections will end in March and Presidential elections are scheduled for mid-2012.

ICTs in form of social media platforms, cell phones, and the Internet played a significant role in the push for democracy and governance not only in the MENA region but also throughout the world.

A recent report compiled at the United Arab Emirates’ Mobile Show illustrates that citizens overwhelmingly believe that the mobile industry in the Middle East can have a positive effect on the health sector, emphasizing the great potential for mHealth in the region.

Mhealth – or mobile health – is a consistently reported topic in the ICT4D field, with projects popping up in developing countries on a daily basis. While many of these projects are being undertaken in sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia, there is less news on mHealth initiatives in the Middle East.

Mobile user in Afghanistan

Photo credit: mHealth Insight

Take Health Unbound (HUB), for example, the mHealth Alliance’s open source database of mHealth projects around the world. Of the 217 projects in the database, only about 8 are located in the Middle East, as opposed to 37 in Southeast Asia and a whopping 109 in sub-Saharan Africa.

But recent reports indicate that more attention is being given to mHealth in the Middle East. One article states that the Middle East has been a “hotbed for mHealth development,” reporting on various mHealth initiatives in the region. Qatar’s Supreme Council of Health announced that it will launch an app that locates clinicians, physicians and other health resources in the country, and two mobile companies in Qatar have partnered up to offer health and wellness education using mobile phones. In addition, the first mplushealth conference will take place at the Arab Health Exhibition and Congress in Dubai in January. The conference will bring together healthcare professionals, insurance providers, government regulators and telecommunications decision-makers to explore mHealth opportunities in the Middle East and hopefully pave the way for the sector to thrive.

The UAE Mobile Show report also revealed challenges that need to be overcome before mHealth can take off in the region. 73 percent of respondents indicated that patient-physician confidentiality was a major concern in implementing a mobile health system, as well as privacy, security, high costs, network infrastructure and technology.

Mobile conference

Photo credit: AMEinfo.com

These obstacles may be part of the reason that mHealth initiatives in the region have remained primarily in the hands of independent mobile app developers, without much governmental support. But as attention on mobile health in the Middle East continues to grow, the region could be one to watch for future mHealth innovations.

This report was released last week about the mobile money service M-Paisa in Afghanistan. It provides some intriguing insights on lending issues faced by Afghans and the mobile banking services rapidly emerging in their country.

The product branded M-Paisa in Afghanistan was initially piloted by local operator Rashon in collaboration with Vodafone, to provide microloan disbursement and repayments for MFIs as well as a person-to-person money transfers. According to the M-Paisa website they offer safe, reliable and fast access to a range of financial services including:

  • Person to person money transfer.
  • Disbursement and repayment of microfinance loans.
  • Airtime purchases.
  • Merchant payments.
  • Disbursement and receipt of salaries.

With low levels of fixed bank infrastructure and rising mobile penetration, it seemingly appears that the cheap and secure features prominent in mobile banking would lead to a rapid adoption of its services in Afghanistan.

However, Rashon soon found that they faced numerous consumer barriers central to the service’s overall adoption in Afghanistan. With a population of 30 million people, 36% of who live below the government defined poverty line and 74% of who are illiterate; Afghanistan is the poorest country in the world outside Africa.

Therefore, textual, mobile and financial illiteracy was one of the largest hurdles that the company had to overcome.  Since consumers could not use SMS to transfer funds, Roshan developed an Interactive Voice Response (IVR) system in three languages, English, Dari and Pashto.

Other issues that the authors concluded was a general distrust of financial institutions that go against the well established Hawala agent network, and a commonly established distrust of non-tangible assets.  There was also a common “chicken and the egg” problem of investing in a branchless banking agent network without an adequate amount of customers—and customers less willing to try out the service—without there being a strong agent network. The authors of the report stated:

But M-paisa is caught in the tricky position that faces all services requiring network dynamics—to succeed, they must educate and nurture both consumers and agents, neither of which has much incentive to jump in first without the other being around.

The authors of the report, Jan Chipcase and Panthea Lee, traveled to Afghanistan in August 2010 to four different cities to explore traditional money and emergent mobile money practices in Afghanistan.  While in the field they conducted in depth interviews of three potential mobile customers and one M-Paisa agent, their main goal being to contribute to the knowledge base of the mobile money community.

They sought to build on research such as Portfolios of the Poor, which highlighted the strategies the poorest members of societies use to manage their limited resources, as well as the sector-galvanizing discussions led by the World Bank’s consultative Group for the poor and the GSMA’s Mobile Money for the Unbanked initiative.

Throughout the author’s studies, they concluded that with the growth in mobile penetration, the trust in service providers is also beginning to surface. Brand recognition and trust in Roshan and other service providers has been gradually expanding. Concurrent with the evolution of cell phones being a staple in Western society, the authors believe that M-Paisa have a great opportunity to transform Afghan society.

Just as mobile telephony isn’t as much about the phone as it is about the conversation, mobile banking is not about the money—it’s about what the money can enable.

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