Terri Hasdorff, Vice President of Aidmatrix (at the middle, wearing pink), at the AID & International Development Forum, Washington, DC

Terri Hasdorff, Vice President of Aidmatrix (Center), at the AID & International Development Forum, Washington, DC

Getting the right aid to people when and where they need it most, logistics, is still a major challenge for the global humanitarian sector. But, Aidmatrix, an Irving, Texas based non-profit that employs logistics technology to tackle systemic challenges in the highly complex aid sector, is making major gains.

According to Scott McCallum, President & CEO of Aidmatrix, “more than 35,000 corporate, nonprofit and government partners use our technology solutions to move more than $1.5 billion in aid annually, worldwide, which impacts the lives of more than 65 million people”.

The ‘humanitarian technologist’ reconfigures widely used applications in the private sector for humanitarian causes, including disaster, hunger, medical, and transportation relief. According to McCallum, Aidmatrix is akin to a wedding-registry, as it provides a one-stop shop for the “registry of needs and donations”. Last year, Aidmatrix Foundation was awarded a contract with USAID to provide $1.3 million worth of technology for efforts in Haiti, 90% of which was financed by the non-profit’s partners—Accenture, UPS, AT&T, among others.

Although more widely known for its expertise in disaster relief needs assessment and donations management, Aidmatrix’s aid sector-sensitive and technological approach could help foster and safeguard gains in global food security, if deployed contextually on a broader scale. Food insecurity is caused by a wide range of factors, including declining yields, inadequate investment in research and infrastructure, and increased water scarcity, but it is also brought about by immense waste.

Logistical woes is a key cause for much of this waste. For instance, a third of crops reaped in India, a food insecure country, never gets to market in edible fashion because of poor value chain management and practices. Aidmatrix’s technology could aid in efficiently warehousing and transporting these goods to places where they are needed most. The highly subsidized nature of Aidmatrix’s development of technologies tailored to contextual problems limits implementation costs because of it vast network of major backers in the food and technology industries.

Aidmatrix’s current hunger relief programs gives a glimmer of hope of how its efforts could transform global food security management. Through partnerships with Feeding America, Global Foodbanking Network, United Nations World Food Programme, and other global food bank and hunger relief programs, Aidmatrix enables more food to be connected with the hungry through our hunger relief solutions.” This is done by improving communication between food banks, suppliers and agencies, as it did with the Feeding America initiative.

Deploying Aidmatrix’s technology more broadly in international development work  is likely to reduce global hunger, by matching appropriate chunks of the billions of pounds of foods wasted annually with many of the 850 million people suffering from hunger every day. Nearly all charitable food in the US already goes through Aidmatrix, through its partnership with Feeding America. The non-profit has also gained a toehold in Europe, where its largest partner is the UK-based FareShare, and Asia,  through vibrant partnerships with organizations such as Second Harvest in Japan. On a smaller, yet increasing scale, Aidmatrix is making inroads  in South America and Africa.

The opportunities are immense. Aidmatrix is certainly a model for safeguarding and fostering global food security.

The GSMA, a global body that represents the interests of over 1000 mobile operators and suppliers, launched the mFarmer Initiative Fund today, in Cape Town South Africa. The Fund, which will run until 2013, is backed by financial support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

If successfully implemented, the mFarmer Fund will enable the provision of more efficient farm extension services to 2 million of the world’s poorest farmers. The Fund will target “mobile communications service providers, in partnership with other public and private sector agricultural organizations, to provide information and advisory services to smallholder farmers in developing countries living under US$2 per day”.

The initiative will target 12 countries: India, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia. However, the technologies developed and lessons learned will be shared globally. The mobile sector advocate said the initiative will function through competitive and deadline-driven grants. For more on the criteria for grants from the mFarmer Fund, please click here.

The Fund is part of GSMA’s thrust to fully deploy and integrate mobile technology into agricultural management, to boost productivity and ensure food security, under its flagship Mobile Agriculture (mAgri) Programme.

The GSMA project will further promote demand-driven, use inspired mobile tools for farmers. The rapid rise in mobile phone subscriptions, in even the outskirts of the developing world, presents opportunities to improve the lives of those at the bottom of the economic pyramid.

 

A culture of collaboration between telecommunications giants and leading local universities make Kenya a leading player in the world of mobile innovations.

Today, three universities- Moi, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), and Nairobi University- s igned a deal with telecommunications supplier Huawei, and service provider Safaricom to “boost ICT skills among students in the east African nation”. Under the agreement, the curriculum will be refashioned to reflect industry trends. Students will be given real world exposure through a competition for Android applications development.

Huawei’s East African training center in Nairobi will be the focal point for much of the training. This puts Kenya on the cusp of honing the skills of the next generation of mobile innovators, which will accelerate the rapid pace at which it produces cutting-edge mobile apps.

Collaboration between industry and Kenyan universities is widespread. A consortium of stakeholders, including Nairobi University, joined forces to create m:lab, which is a leading force behind Kenya’s mobile application successes.

 

Kenya is arguable the epicenter of the worldwide mobile application frenzy. The east-African nation churns out a new top-rated, demand driven application nearly every six months. The latest innovation is iCow,

The face of a black cow on a can

iPhone screen shot of the iCow app

a voice based mobile information application for diary farmers. Green Dreams Ltd,  the developer, says iCow will help farmers optimally manage livestock breeding.

The earthy app is rapidly winning over agriculturalists and tech enthusiasts. It won first place in the recently held Apps4Africa competition, a U.S funded project. The iCow has also been lauded by the Social Development Network (SODNET) and Biovision Africa Trust.

The iCow will help farmers efficaciously track a cow’s estrus cycle, manage nutrition and breeding, which will enable them to yield more milk and calves—the two indicators of a cow’s economic value. This demand-drive and culturally appropriate technology complements the ubiquitous cellphone to address key agricultural challenges. Chief among these challenges are: Poor record keeping; outmoded and hard to acquire and comprehend calendars, including the cardboard wheel system; and the gaping information vacuum.

The iCow app address these problems. It will deliver prompt farmers about their cow’s nutrition, illness and diseases, vaccinations, milk hygiene, milking technologies and techniques. This will be done via a series of voice prompts and SMS messages that will be sent to the farmer throughout the cow cycle. Critically, the voice-based nature of this application combats the problem of literacy, a major impediment to ICT4D.

The iCow is Green Dreams’ most recent plugin for the flagship app, Mkulima Farmer Information Service and Helpline (Mkulima FISH), which is being developed.

The emergence of IBM’s Spoken Web, a mobile innovation that eliminates literacy as a precursor to access the internet, is a game-changer in the ICT for Agriculture sector.

Unlike other efforts to bridge the global information divide, even people with limited to no functional literacy skills will find Spoken Web user-friendly. With nearly 800 million functional illiterates around the world, the inability to read remains a major impediment to the use of ICT4D. This is most acute in the most remote parts of the developing world where livelihoods and agriculture are inextricably linked.

The mobile innovation is essentially a world wide network of VoiceSites joined to make the Spoken Web. Its most essential hardware is a telephone, which people use to browse VoiceSites by saying keywords, also known as VoiLinks.

This rapidly progressing network of voice recordings is predicated on a system called VoiGem, which simplifies the process of creating voice-based applications. VoiGem is unique compared to existing interactive voice response technology because it allows users to create their own VoiceSites that consists of voice pages (VoiceXML files) that may be linked. Each page is identified by the user’s phone number. This identification mode allows the user to easily edit VoiceSites and pages from their phone.

The mobile-centric nature of this development reflects a global trend and complements a development need, particularly for agriculture. Although small scale farmers, scattered across some of the most far-flung places around the globe, make up a large portion of the 5 billion people without access to the internet and computers, a growing number of these people own cellphones. In fact, farmers constitute a strong contingent among the 3 in 4 people worldwide who own mobiles. Although only a fifth of those with mobile subscriptions worldwide have access to mobile broadband services, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) “predicts that within the next five years, more people will hop onto the Web from laptops and mobile gadgets than from desktop computers”.

As more farmers join the growing legion of wired folks, they will have faster and more reliable opportunities to access and share information. This development will reduce information asymmetries, structure and strengthen agricultural markets by bringing the internet to parts of the world where small scale farmers, consumers, middlemen and traders have limited knowledge about where to access and trade food.

The technology is also culturally appropriate given the oral nature of many cultures in the developing world. Farmers will also have the opportunity to efficaciously share valuable indigenous farming retentions.

As with most things, the Spoken Web also comes with challenges. Chief among the challenges is that though voice-recognition technology can match search terms against a previously processed index of recorded voice sites, it presents cumbersome results. However, the technology is being refined to be more precise. Precision is especially important because farmers and other end-users will not be able to retain all the information found on lengthy voice pages/sites, and they may not have the literacy skills to jot down points. Interestingly though, the Spoken Web comes with a fast-forward feature that enables the user to listen as if they were skim-reading.

Despite these challenges, the technology has been successfully piloted in eight Indian villages. It is now a central part of farming and health-care delivery in four Indian states, parts of Thailand and Brazil.


U.S leadership on global food security will get a major boost for the fiscal year 2011. This follows strong bipartisan support from Congress for a $1.15 billion budget to tackle food security issues around the world. Last week, USAID Administrator Dr. Raj Shah announced that nearly $1 billion will go towards Feed the Future, a global initiative launched by President Obama in 2009 to tackle hunger through sustained and endogenous multi-stakeholder partnerships.

Dr. Raj said, “$90 million will be spent on strengthening our nutrition programming”. Since the world food crisis in 2008, which caused riots in several countries and toppled governments, food security and agriculture grew in prominence on the international agenda.

He says, pending congressional approval, the agency will contribute $100 million to the Global Agriculture and Food Security Program, a joint multilateral trust fund established in partnership with the World Bank, to address food security and agriculture globally. Since its conception in 2009, the fund attracted nearly $1 billion  from donors, and allocated over $330 million to eight countries.

Conflict, natural disasters and the slow integration of ICT into agricultural policy remains a major impediment to food security and  the improvement of livelihoods. Nearly 2 billion people worldwide are unable to grow or get enough food to eat. Most of those affected by chronic food security problems live in rustic areas, where they have limited information about where to access and trade food, in the least developed countries.

The World Bank has warned that the problem is likely to become even more intractable in the next two decades. According to the Bank’s report, Reengaging in Agricultural Water Management: Challenges and Options, “by 2030 food demand will double as world population increases by an additional two billion people. The increase in food demand will come mostly from developing countries.” The publication says improved food security depends on increased agricultural productivity and improved water management across the developing world.

 

Photography by Glenn Edwards  banana farmer with computer

Photography by Glenn Edwards

Ecuadorian banana Fairtrade association La Asociación de Pequeños Productores Bananeros (APPBG) has recognized the potential of going digital.

In Ecuador, the association has received computers and training from Computer Aid to help improve farmers access to the marketplace and improve IT literacy to boost rural livelihoods.

APPBG in el Guabo, is one of the largest Fairtrade associations in Ecuador’s rural El Oro region. With a membership of over 450 small to medium sized banana producers, APPBG export 50,000 boxes of bananas a week, which are then exported to Europe.

Producers who sell through APPBG cooperative are guaranteed a stable price, which covers the cost of production when market prices go down. As a Fairtrade Labeling Organisation (FLO) approved body, APPBG provides an equitable platform from which to trade in international markets. The association also encourages consumers to make ethical considerations when purchasing imported products. FLOs are able to issue the Fairtrade logo, which is now recognized around the world as a guarantee that producers have received a fair price for their goods.

In addition to guaranteed prices for their produce, members also benefit from the association’s social projects. The computers are being used to strengthen Trade Union activity in a country with limited enforcement of worker’s rights and are also being used to improve day-to-day operations within this fast growing enterprise.

Close to Ecuador’s southern boarder, APPBG has established a network of 17 primary schools for the families of its producers. Indigenous children in these schools are now using PCs donated to provide them with the opportunity to become ICT literate.

The integration of ICTs into the APPBG association’s will help streamline their accessibility to the marketplace and the training will help sustain their efforts.

 

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